I want to open a flower shop, but I won't I do anything, who can make my technology?
5 thoughts on “How should the flower shop sell flowers fresh?”
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I want to open a flower shop, but I won't I do anything, who can make my technology?
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Newly opened Flower Shop Operating Guidance Plan
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Flower Net 2005-6-21 9:50:34 From the Internet
1, first of all, you should understand the situation of the world flower market:
The flowers in Taipei City are everywhere, as many as restaurants and hotels. The flowers on the flower stands of the flower shop in Taiwan are: roses, peony, chrysanthemum, lotus, lily, tulip, etc. Under the climate of roses in Taiwan, it is often opened in four seasons, with large petals, meaning affection and fraternity. It is a gift from relatives and friends and lover's birthday. At the birthday banquet, placing a rose basket can add a festive atmosphere. The peony flowers are huge, graceful and luxurious, symbolizing prominent and richness, and often as a gift for life. In the minds of Taiwan compatriots, chrysanthemum symbolizes the elegant and elegant and clean. When the celebration ceremony, people often presented lively pink -purple chrysanthemums. Lotus represents holy and noble, and has the meaning of bumper harvest, luck, health and longevity. Taiwanese like to give it to officials who take it. Lily's meaning is sweet and pure, often as gifts for young women. Tulips are gorgeous. In Taiwan, men are generally used by men to express love to women. Mr. Zhu Shengwang said that if there are three links on both sides of the strait, then the Luoyang peony is cut into flowers and has a great development prospect. In Taiwan alone, a lot of peony cuts flowers each year.
The Phalaenopsis in Taiwan. In recent years, Taiwan has vigorously developed Phalaenopsis and exported to the world. But meet the competition of Thai Phalaenopsis. Mr. Zhu Shengwang hopes that I will advocate Phalaenopsis in the flower market on the mainland to help sell excess Phalaenopsis in Taiwan. Unfortunately, the Taiwan authorities banned the three links, and the consumer market in the mainland can only be sighing across the sea.
American flowers market:
Whenever Americans come to Valentine's Day, flower shops in various places are always customers, and young men and women are competing for flowers to give lovers. However, as soon as Valentine's Day, the turnover of various flower shops began to decline. However, in recent years, the situation has changed, and fresh cut flowers have become one of the products that people must buy all year round. The demand for foreign flowers in the US market has risen straight. Most flowers import to the Netherlands and import a large number of tulips to the Netherlands each year.
French flowers market:
If the French people without flowers, it is impossible to live, visit relatives and friends, attend the wedding, should go to the banquet, celebrate the New Year, daily family decoration, everything is indispensable for flowers. In the streets and alleys in Paris, you can see a flower shop.
British flowers market:
The British like to patronize the flower shop, and men buy more roses. Women's gifts of the opposite sex are roses. Shizhu, Tulip and Xiao Canglan.
Themuruting in Germany:
The flower shop in Germany, the window is very eye -catching and very distinctive. The front of the flower shop is generally equipped with a white transparent glass door. Customers have just walked in front of the door. The automatic sound sounded. Selling Ms. Hua immediately walked to your side, "Hello, do I need to help me to do something?" Let you hear kind and comfortable. The flowers in the store are placed, and the contrast of color and variety is extremely harmonious. The quality of the flowers is impeccable. Whether you buy one, a bouquet, or a large flower basket, you will never find a yellow leaf or a bad flower from it. There are many flower shops in Germany. In cities, villages, towns, nest, and alleys, you will always find flower shops at any time. The number of fresh cuts consumed in Germany ranks first in Europe.
Today, developed countries represented by the United States, Western Europe, and Japan. Due to the high level of fresh cut flowers, fresh cut flowers produced in this country cannot meet the needs of the domestic market. A large number of fresh cut flowers, while the Netherlands, Israel, Mexico, Guatemala, Thailand, Colombia, Kenya, Taiwan and other fresh cut flowers exported countries and regions have made money from these developed countries. Japan imported a large number of Phalaenopsis from Taiwan, making Taiwan's flower farmers rich.
2. The initial motivation for flowering shops:
In the hearts of many people, the flowering shop is a good profession. On the one hand, work every day in an environment full of flowers and feel very happy; on the other hand, people now improve the level of flowers in flowers. Get better and better, naturally more and more people buy flowers, and the prospects of flowering shops must be good.
From the perspective of doing business, flower shops should be considered a typical small business. A house with a large area, simple decoration, white walls on all sides can also show the beauty of flowers. With the purchase cost, all of them are calculated. It's right. Many laid -off people are thinking about making small trading, and the cost of flowering shops is exactly what they can bear. I have seen a trainee of a floral school for investigation, and almost more than 95 % of the students are planning to bloom. Coupled with the existing flower shop, the intensity of competition can be imagined.
, but the flowering shop is not as easy as imagined. After all, it is a lively thing, and the flower shop is a risky industry. When you buy it, you have to lose from when you buy it. If the business is not good, you can only watch the flowers getting dry and rotten. Some high -end flowers cannot enter more. If you ca n’t sell the losses, it will be too large. However, if there is no high -end flower for sale, you may lose a high profit order, which will have to make people take a bit of brain.
The author has learned about the operating conditions of Taiwan's flower shops from the flower industry in Taiwan. According to incomplete statistics, there are more than 300 flower shops in Taipei. Their most basic features are that they all have their own stable customer bases, and their own trade areas. They also avoid direct competition between flower shops. But now many flower shops in Xinjiang often attract customers through price reductions and fall into a vicious circle. This is a practice that does not meet the laws of the market. Therefore, how to build and maintain a stable customer base is the key to flowering shops.
3, where is the business opportunity of the flower shop:
Flower shop, as the name suggests, is a place to spread beauty. The product is flower, so flower art is the soul of the flower shop. First of all, people engaged in the flower shop industry must participate in professional floral schools to study and strive to improve the level of flower art to serve customers with high quality.
a. There are unique business philosophy, flower shop positioning, and creating brand flower shops. In the business principles of sincerity -oriented, the business -oriented business principle, sincerely serving consumers. Establish awareness of competition, market consciousness, credibility, and brand. To operate a flower shop, you must learn to be a man. Life is alive. Being a person is the first. To engage in business activities, you must pay more attention to being a person.
Puke the positioning of the flower shop, from the location, name, business hours, trademark registration from the flower shop, the flower shop CI system and the organization (floral design department, business development department, accounting department, transportation department) must be beneficial to benefit Create a brand -name flower shop, start the brand, and display the image of the flower shop.
b. Pay attention to customer psychological analysis. Customers go to flower shops to buy flowers, and flower shop employees need to analyze the customer's psychology. ① From age, dressing, and transportation; ② Consumer mentality, face, anger habitual hobbies. Consumers often work hard to eliminate these situations with alertness and dislocation. ③ At the same time, we must analyze the characteristics and use of consumption, and observe the customer's attitude of spending money. This is related to the education level, education level, lifestyle, and consumption concept. The bouquet is romantic, the flower basket is solemn), and the flower creation is selected again, and the appropriate price is marked.
c. Pay attention to characteristic operations and marketing. Flower shops should attach great importance to characteristic operations. Unique store design and family -style layout (using simulation flowers and flowers decorate flower shop spaces) are full of domestic and foreign flowers and leaves; unique floral style. Pay attention to festival operations and various forms of services. For example, flower shop decoration must have innovative ideas, unique layout, elegant and charming artistic atmosphere, giving people high -quality cultural enjoyment. There are telephone contract delivery, on -site flower arrangement services, flowers, flowers, flowers, online flower shops, etc.
The operators must not only operate flower shops, but also operate the market, artistic innovation, management innovation, and service innovation. The festival often accounts for a large proportion in the operation of the flower shop. It is necessary to publicize it in advance (such as the white -shaped banner of the red background in front of the store), analyze market demand, prepare sources of sources, organize skilled flower art employees and flower delivery staff, and properly carry out marketing (such as such as marketing (such as such as marketing (such as such as marketing Store advertisements, media advertisements, fax, email, etc. to major units before the Spring Festival), attach importance to Valentine's Day, Christmas, Mother's Day, Teacher's Day, Spring Festival and other old festivals. Graduation, Graduation Festival, Tanabata Valentine's Day, Journalist Day, Men's Day and other potential festivals.
121st centuries, in the era of the Internet, people of insight into all walks of life are betting on this emerging field. Flower shop operators may wish to participate in e -commerce, which are characterized by flower transactions and strengthen competitiveness. Flower shops can also conduct a variety of forms such as brand joint sales.
D. Pay attention to the quality training and management of employees
It to formulate flower shop management systems, use the system to regulate employees, and cultivate employees' owner spirit. Training flower shop professional managers (store managers) and employees are responsible. At the same time, flower shops should regularly conduct floral training to improve employee floral technology level, and improve employee knowledge structure and aesthetic accomplishment. Subscribe to more flower art books and books such as "China Flower Daily", "Garden", "Flowers", "Taiwan Flower Art" and other books to understand the fashion dynamics of flowers in a timely manner, and in line with the trend of international flower art.
The competitiveness of a flower shop in the external market depends on whether the internal basic management of the flower shop is in place; and the comprehensive innovation capabilities are the power source of the development of the flower shop. Flower shops should learn Haier's DEC Management Law, control and clean up every person, every thing, every day, formulate target systems, carry out daily clear control, and formulate effective incentive mechanisms. A good variety can bring good prices. The sale of various floral works in the flower shop must be artistic, and it must be worth it. You must not coax the price, nor can it be sold and sell it, the price must be reasonable. All the flowers and dried flowers are willing to throw away, and they will never be sold. To learn Haier's order service, to innovate services, continue to expand service content, and establish a good public image.
The flower shop service should take the customer complaint carefully. Once customers buy quality problems with flower products, they must deal with it properly so that customers are satisfied.
The flower shop must strive to create a brand -name characteristic flower shop. Each employee must be a good employee through his honest and hard work, and strive to achieve brain spirit, hand -diligent, fast feet, and mouth. Be sure to be "sincere" first, be honest, sincere, be sincere, be sincere, open up customers, stabilize mature customers, strive for new customers, and do their best to do all work.
In location, you should choose places with large traffic convenience, such as commercial centers, high -end villas, apartments, and office buildings. The central hospital is located in the center of the city. There is a benefit of a blooming shop near the hospital that during the low season of flowers, the patients who were hospitalized in the hospital were not weak. This can increase the revenue of flower shops in the off -season and keep some expenses. In addition, some fruits can be attached to the sale.
Pelasic design, store decoration and layout problems after the site selection is completed. The signature design of the store should be concise, bright, the store name is easy to remember and gives cultural connotation. The store is eye -catching, and its design should lay the foundation for future development chain stores. The decoration of the store should be simple, color and color, light -colored tone, and appropriate use of European -style iron can improve the taste of the flower shop. The furnishings of the goods should be less and refined, so as not to seem messy. In addition, the store should be installed in the store. Because the lights can set the atmosphere of the flower shop, the role of beautifying works and beautifying flower shops. This point is very important.
It in terms of business, the flower shop can be positioned in flowers, pot flowers, dried flowers, craft silk flowers, flowers, and wedding services. According to local conditions Economic benefits. If the economic strength is limited, the unit or individual partnership of the flower shop business can be adopted by the capital operation.
The flexible operation time of the flower shop can meet the needs of customers at different times; flower shop decoration inspections can provide consumers with a good shopping environment and make consumers feel more pleasant; flower shop service community can enable consumers to enjoy more Quick service.
Is when operating a flower shop, the variety must be complete. After the consumer needs is met and feels convenient, he will come again next time. As an operator, it is necessary to continuously improve the level of floral art to adapt to consumers who are increasingly improved. Flower shop pays attention to learning to accumulate knowledge and skills, communicate with colleagues, and according to its own economic situation, he has selectively participated in the learning of various short -term training to learn from others. To continue to innovate, it is mainly reflected in the design of flower shops. This is also the source of the founding service brand of flower shops and the characteristics of the flower shop.
The service of flower shops runs through the business process. It is directly related to whether there is a "return customer" and the market share. Most of our consumers do not know the flower language when spending flowers. Therefore, the flower shop should guide consumption. In addition, in order to meet the needs of a few consumer personalization, it is set to set up halls for them to design floral design. After -sales service is mainly reflected in the maintenance of consumers' maintenance and freshness knowledge, regularly accessing customers, mastering new consumption requirements, new trends, and timely replacement of fresh flowers to customers with renting business, and so on.
Is good wine are also afraid of deep alleys, so flower shops should also pay special attention to direct and indirect advertising.
The employee's responsibilities are clear. The employees of the new store can see all the work content that needs to be responsible in the duties. The second is to go to scale management. Several branches report to the purchase order and sales on time. Each store has a detailed sales curve chart to record the flowers and quantities of flowers at each stage, which is very helpful for the purchase direction and accurate cost accounting of the next sales season. The third is to give employees a chance to upgrade, organize the whole store's floral competitions, promote learning, select excellent, and retain talents. In addition, the flower shop recruits workers all year round, and continuously selects better employees, and also gives everyone incentives. With this more rigorous working program, the general manager of the flower shop can take off his background to make great development and grasp the market.
The people are relatively stable, which is more conducive to the development of flower shops. For the good clerk, he sent him to the flower class, and the cost was reimbursed in two years, and he tried to let him go. In this way, the clerk felt that he could get up at work and had a head. The flower shop also sends 3%of dry stocks to excellent employees to show rewards. With these management measures, the clerk and the boss can work together to work together to operate the flower shop.
4. Positioning —— Set the appearance of the flower shop
In in front of the flowering shop, in addition to weighing the funds in your hands, you also need to consider the positioning of the flower shop. There are two more typical positioning. One is to choose a high -end flower shop with exquisite store decoration, high -quality product prices sold, and high -end and high -income people. Xiaohua shop. When deciding, it should be noted that because of the price relationship of high -end flower shops, it is relatively difficult to open the market and have a stable customer base. Because such flower shop customers are the most discerning and difficult conquest, and opening such flower shops must have a lot of capital investment in choosing geographical location and propaganda. At the same time, the level of service and flower art levels can stand the scrutiny and scrutiny and the level of flower art. test. Of course, there are always returns to pay. Once such high -end stores open the situation and operate normally, their operating conditions are the most stable and can withstand the fluctuations of socio -economic fluctuations. At this point, there are examples in front of you. Taipei Flower Court, which is well -known in the Taiwan flower shop industry, is positioned with high quality and high levels. Due to the long -term operation, in the face of the current decline in Taiwan's economy, it still owns in 2000 in 2000 in 2000. The 3 % good economic growth has taken a wonderful development of high -end flower shops.
Compared with the strong funds of high -end flower shops, small and medium -sized flower shops need to be stable and start from childhood. Generally, small shops are risky, and competition between stores in the same grade is more intense. At this time, we need to have a firm belief, and firmly believe that the shop can also play a brand. Starting from the facade characteristics, the quality of the flower material, the level of floral art and service, the careful planning of the business project, gradually improved to reach a higher level. A successful person in the business community once said: "Regardless of the start of the start, from the first day of opening the store, he will think of making it a century -old shop."
It, there is a taboo in the positioning of the flower shop. It is not high or low, not to be up, attempts to take care of both. This approach is difficult to recognize in both consumption objects, and it is a very dangerous decision.
5, the basic maintenance method of fresh cutting:
The flower arrangement as a living artwork embellish the living room. How can we shape a boutique of flower arrangement art? The author believes that we should start from the following aspects.
. Determination, material selection
different festivals, season and other environments, the shape and artistic conception of flower arrangement must be different. Only by clarifying the need in different environments can we better prepare for the works of the creation. For example, the newlywed living room flower arrangement should be based on preferential festivals, and often uses flowers such as roses, tulips, and horseshoe lotus. Another example is Valentine's Day to highlight its romantic mood, and choose roses, forget me, and African chrysanthemums. The container can be used to use related utensils, such as using a couplet to show its affection. Another example is Children's Day to express the sweet and more beautiful dreams of childhood, and choose more Huangju, Xiao Baiju, Xiaoxinghua, etc. to benefit childlike fun. The Mother's Day should focus on revealing motherly love, and choose more flowers such as carnations.
In short, when using the jewelry to signal the method, it is better to pay attention to the decoration used to be used to abstract, and it is implicit to meet people. And pay attention to the creativity of the utensils to belong to the flower material, which is conducive to the theme performance. Do not invert it. If the flower material is embellished, it will lose the unique charm of flower arrangement art.
. Flower material technology treatment
1. Pay attention to the water content and nutrition of the flowers in the early morning in the morning. At this time, the cutting time can be extended. If it is not available to cut, it can be saved with a little bud to be placed or the first placement is packed in the refrigerator at 4 ° C to 5 ° C.
2. After cutting the flowers and cutting flowers, when the burn method is cut or flowers, the base of the flower branch is performed in boiling water for 1 minute, or placed on a candle or alcohol lamp. After removing, wash it with water, so as to prevent the outer flow of juice in the stem tissue. The water is mostly used for grass flowers.
3. The shear method in the water immersed the stems into the water with scissors with scissors on the branches to prevent air from entering the catheter to cause water absorption. Flower branches and plasma plants with milk should not be adopted. 4. The crushing method is mostly used in wooden cut flowers. It can be gently crushed at 3 cm at the end of the flower branch to expand the water absorption area, which can extend the water -intertted effect. 5. After the cutting of the flower is cut, the incision can be applied to the incision with gibberee, dilute hydrochloric acid, etc. to inhibit the germ to prevent the incision from rotting.
. Maintenance after the formation of flower arrangement
1. Regular water change (with distilled water, ionic water is better), update the stem incision (usually 3- -5 days once, performed in water). 2. Putting ice cubes in high -temperature weather can also be put in an appropriate amount of charcoal or salt to play a role in anticorrosion. 3. Invest with 0.05 % boric acid, sulfur, carbonic acid, salicylic acid, vitamins, etc. for water or 0.033 % aspirin or 0.025 % potassium permanganate solution. 4. Frequent water spray on the leaf surface to reduce the transpiration of the water in the plant, and the leaf surface fertilizer can be appropriately supplemented with nutrients. 5. Properly resettlement, the placement of flower arrangement should avoid sun exposure, wind blowing, smoke and other phenomena. It is better to be relatively cool.
6. How to grab market share with the flower market with the flower market:
The flower wholesale markets across the country now. However, our so -called these flower wholesale markets are actually large stores with the same price, and it is a transitional sales form in the development of the flower industry. The flower market is not only a wholesaler of the flower shop, but also the retail business, which has a great impact on the flower shop. In the face of such status quo, if the flower shop does not have its own characteristics, there will be no way out. Therefore, as a flower shop in the retail industry, it should discover its own advantages, such as geographical location advantages, service advantages, and comfortable shopping environment, and a higher level of flower art to create their own brand.
So how can the flower shop sell flowers to consumers? I think it is very important to improve the level of flower art staff in flower shop practitioners. At the same time, operators should continue to be new and make their own characteristics according to the needs of customers and the actual situation of the local area. The products operated by the flower shop must not have products that are not related to flowers, especially in the off -season of flower sales in summer, let alone do this, otherwise the image of the flower shop will fall thousands of feet.
In addition, the choice of the flower shop address is very important, which is directly related to the economic income of the flower shop. If the general area is selected, the operator will only be available, and the flower shop will not be able to withstand the test of the market. The location selected by the flowering shop must be convenient for transportation and can park the vehicles in order to attract more people. The area of the store must also be gradually from small to large according to the size of the business volume. The overall image of the flower shop cannot be ignored. The decoration from flowers and utensils to the store must be natural and fresh, elegant, and new works are attractive every day in the window. If you add light treatment, you will receive unexpected results.
The business hours for flower shops, so that customers can feel that buying flowers in this flower shop is very convenient. The business hours of Shanghai Xinyi Huaxing are from 8 am to 9 pm. According to statistics, from 6 to 9 pm every day, the turnover of this period of time accounts for a quarter of the year's turnover, because it is young people in the evening The most active time. In addition, the flower shop must also have characteristics in running flower varieties. The conventional varieties must be available every day. Special varieties should be often available, and the style of flower arrangement works often changes. In short, constant innovation should be the motto of a flower shop.
7. Operating management innovation is the core of creating profits:
The importance to characteristic operations and marketing flower stores is a relatively easy industry, so it is necessary to attach great importance to characteristic operations. Unique store design and layout of the store; all kinds of domestic and foreign flowers and leaf materials; unique floral style, developing large companies' consumption potential, making their public relations secretary, and providing a dragon for various uses of flowers consumption of flower consumption Services; attach importance to festival operations and various forms of services. Flower shop decoration must have innovative ideas, unique layout, rendering a gorgeous, elegant, and charming artistic atmosphere, giving people a high -quality cultural enjoyment. Expand the scope of business, such as call appointment for flowers, flowers to send flowers, the annual flow of flowers, flowers leases, shopless flower shops, online flower shops and flowers delivery services, etc.
121 is the era of the Internet, and people of insight into all walks of life are betting on this new field. Flower shop operators may also participate in e -commerce. The e -commerce is fast and accurate. It is suitable for flower transactions, open online flower shops, and builds a virtual flower shop online to strengthen competitiveness. Flower shops are also brand -linked, without shops, flower shops, all night flower shops and other forms.
The importance to the quality of employees, pay attention to the management of stores such as finance and other stores, we must formulate a flower shop management system, use the system to regulate employees, treat others with gifts, and dresses. To cultivate the owner of the employee, the professional manager, manager (store manager) and employees of the flower shop are responsible. At the same time, flower shops should often conduct floral training on employees, improve the level of floral art, improve employee knowledge structure and improve aesthetic cultivation. Subscribe to some flower art books and periodicals, understand the dynamics of floral art in a timely manner, and integrate with the trend of international floral art.
The management system generally includes general rules, commanding, off work, cleaning and hygiene, business management, service, financial accounting, reporting evaluation system, safety system, salary, telephone, hydropower invoice and other management systems, and replacement systems. The professional manager system is implemented. Under the leadership of the manager, employees have clear their responsibilities, and give employees to promote opportunities to train a whole set of incentive mechanisms. Flower shops should analyze financial accounts in time, find out weak links, and provide a basis for decision -making. The competitiveness of a flower shop in the external market depends on whether the internal basic management of the flower shop is in place; and the comprehensive innovation ability is the power source of the development of the flower shop. Flower shops should learn advanced management methods, control and clean up everyone, everything, and every day, and formulate effective incentive mechanisms.
8. How to develop the customer market:
A good service is essential for flower shop operations, and with the rapid development of the flower shop industry in recent years, we have found that this "good" has already been Not only does it mean enthusiasm and thoughtful, it becomes more operable, can bring greater benefits, and become an increasingly important part of the business strategy of flower shops. From now on this journal, several articles published one after another, only the side of several successful services. At the same time, we sincerely welcome flower shops with relevant experience to contribute actively to discuss service plans.
He "grasped" every customer who bought flowers and developed a wider customer market through them, which is the wish of all flower shop operators. So how to operate specific? Miss Huang Keyi in Hong Kong said that the practice of the Hong Kong flower shop industry will definitely inspire you. In Hong Kong, some interested flower shops will allow every customer to fill in a form, including my address, telephone, birthday, family's birthday, family buying flower eyes, flower delivery objects, and even the price of buying flowers this time. Wait for many problems. Don't underestimate this material, it contains unlimited business opportunities. Flower shops will send off cards and flowers when they celebrate their birthdays and their customers in the future, and establish a friendly relationship with him. In this way, on the one hand, when customers need to buy flowers, they will first think of this flower shop; on the other hand, when the customer's family wants to have birthdays, or other days when flower consumption is coming, the flower shop can use it The identity of a friend, called to remind: buy flowers again. According to the consumption level of the customer's last time, then considerate to him with the same or slightly higher price of flower art works. In this way, it will gradually cultivate customers' consumption habits for flowers. Once consumption is likely to be continued into lifelong consumption.
In look at the objects and purposes of customers who send flowers, it is possible to find new customers in flower shops. For example, if the customer sends flowers to his own business partner, the flower shop can directly ask the other party: Do you need to return the gift? If the customer sends flowers to friends, is it to celebrate them to get married or have children? By the first anniversary of marriage, or the child's full moon and birthday, do friends and couples also need to buy flowers? Similar issues, flower shops will be careful. When the potential customers become real customers, more business opportunities will follow.
It what to explain is that these businesses need good product reputation and high technical communication. Ms. Huang emphasized that the flower shop should be reputable, and the first service obtained by the customer is perfect, and the future service can be accepted. In addition, from the beginning of allowing customers to fill in the form, to continuously "disturbing them" in various forms, they must master certain skills. If the customer goes to the store to buy flowers, how can he let him fill in the form? "Leave a business card or contact information, and send the form in the future. At the same time, you must attach a small gift!" Ms. Huang said, "After buying flowers, they will call in time to ask if they are satisfied. If possible, talk about it. Send the blessing and greeting card in the ground. When he is gradually familiar with the flower shop, it is easy to be accepted to recommend the product. The work in this area is also quite detailed. "
Once a stable and considerable customer base forms formation formed In the future, the work of the flower shop is easy to do: prepare product introduction in the off -season, send them to customers in advance, and let them book flowers at a preferential price. In this way, when the peak season comes, the flower shop will be purchased and hand -distribution. There are more planning and science, and on the other hand, it has promoted the consumption of off -season. It is said that a small flower shop in Hong Kong is not a problem in profitability of tens of thousands of yuan in off -season. Ms. Huang said: "Flower consumption is often the result of cultivation." Indeed, opening his mind, developing the customer market, and effectively guiding consumption, flower shops will be able to reach the ideal business state.
9. Consumption hotspot:
one of the key factors for the success of flower shop operations is whether it can attract consumers and stimulate consumers' desire to buy. In addition to making full use of the existing types of festivals, flower shops should also actively develop and create hotspots of consumption, create business opportunities to attract consumers and increase sales. A few days ago, the author listened to Mr. Lin Xiude, the owner of Taipei Huayuan, Taiwan Province, and introduced his business. It talked about how he created the hotspots of consumption to promote consumption.
Mr. Lin said that the competition between flower shops is relatively fierce, which is not terrible, and there can be progress in competition. Flower shop operators should think of ways, think hard, and use wisdom to create business opportunities. Valentine's Day is often very close to the Spring Festival, which is the peak season for flower consumption. In the summer with a lot of costs, the corresponding flower consumption climax is lacking. To this end, Taipei Huayuan is regarded as Chinese Valentine's Day in conjunction with Chinese folk traditions. They and the department stores in Taipei jointly organized the Chinese Valentine's Day Flower Exhibition Campaign to promote and promote it, which aroused the attention of consumers. In the off -season of flowers consumption, it stimulated consumption and formed a climax of flower consumption. And the influence of Chinese Valentine's Day has affected the Netherlands. In the past, the flower farmers in the Netherlands generally allowed roses to sleep in July and August. Now, a large number of roses are specially produced for the Taiwan market. Development festival consumption is only one aspect of creating hotspots. Taipei Huayuan also prepared a set of floral design solutions- "Daily Birthday Flower" to consumers to guide consumption; each season will also launch different flower design design Style, printed into a beautiful booklet and sent to customers. In this way, under the careful planning and guidance of the flower shop, the frequency of hot spots in flower consumption increased, bringing good economic benefits to the flower shop.
10, floral design is the foundation of Lidian:
The operating tip of the flower shop is that the flower shop sells not only the flower, but it is more to provide consumers with high -level flower art works and Floral design service. If the flower shop is simply bandaging for flowers, or that the flower shop sells flowers, only the price, then the competitiveness of the flower shop will be greatly reduced, especially in the face of the current situation of the flower wholesale market in the city, the people of the flower shop people It is necessary to emphasize the style of work and improve the taste of the work. The lack of awareness of floral design is also the main reason for the gap between my country's flower store industry and foreign countries.
Nowadays, people's spending power is gradually increasing, and flowers are already conditions for people to enter people's daily life. People have different preferences for flower art works. People with quiet personality may prefer simple and generous flower arrangement works. Live and cheerful people may like colorful colors. Therefore, tailor -made is the direction of the development of the flower shop. In countries with high spending of flowers, different theme flowers with different festivals and different occasions, and consumers with different interests can also find personalized flower works that are suitable for them. Therefore, our flower shop must continue to learn the theory of domestic international floral design, use the concept of diversified art materials and international professional floral design, carefully design and produce the popular international floral decoration, and attach importance to the spread and research of flower culture. For example, professional designers go to the site to make design evaluations, provide design schemes and computer color renderings, or to operate on the spot by flower designers; to learn and communicate with flower classrooms opened by well -known flower shops at home and abroad. The effective ways of levels, improving the popularity of flower shops and economic benefits.
The flower shops often complain that consumers' requirements for flowers are cheap flowers and high quality
Basic knowledge of flowering flowers What are the benefits of raising flowers?
This flowers with its gorgeous style, the decoration of nature is more beautiful, giving people a beautiful enjoyment. Flowers can enrich and adjust people's cultural life, add fun, cultivate temperament, and enhance health; it can also increase scientific knowledge and improve cultural and artistic literacy. Flowers can green and beautify the land of the motherland, protect and improve, purify the air, so that people can work and learn in a beautiful environment, and life is better. Flowers are not only available for viewing, but also have many important economic value. Flowers are an important part of Chinese herbal medicine. Gold and silver, chrysanthemums, plums, hibiscus, rhododendron, rose, lotus, etc. are commonly used Chinese medicinal materials. Fragrant flowers are widely used in food and light industry. For example, osmanthus can be used as food spices and winemaking. Jasmine, Bailan, Dai, Zhulan and other feasible smoked tea, chrysanthemums can be made of high -end food and dishes. White orchids, jasmine, roses, wax plum blossoms, daffodils, etc. can be extracted. Flowers can also be exchanged for foreign exchange and accumulate funds. For example, the high -grade fragrance -rose oil refined from roses is "liquid gold" in the international market, and its value is more valuable than gold.
2. What kind of flowers are divided into?
This in our country is known as the "mother of the world garden". It is rich in flower resources and many types. In order to facilitate cultivation, management and utilization, we need to understand the classification knowledge of flowers. Due to the different basis of classification. Therefore, the method of classification is different. According to the morphological characteristics of flowers, flowers are usually divided into two categories: herbal flowers and woody flowers. The stems of the stems are soft and the haycatus flowers, and the hard wood of the stem is wood. According to the habit of flower growth and morphological characteristics, it can generally be divided into herbal flowers, woody flowers, succulent flowers and aquatic flowers. According to its growth and development cycle, herbal flowers can be divided into one year, two -year grass flowers, root flowers, ball root flowers, and lawn plants. The wooden flowers can be divided into trees, shrubs and vine flowers according to their trunk height and crown size. Polyplasia, with fleshy stems and leaves, rich in water in the body, some leaves degenerate into acupuncture or feathers, and the shapes are strange. Therefore, it is self -contained in garden cultivation. Aquatic flowers grow in water and swamps all year round. Most of them belong to perennial plants. According to the classification of ornamental parts, flowers can be divided into flowers (mainly viewing flowers, flowers, such as chrysanthemums, rose, etc.), leaf watching categories, leaf watching categories (Mainly watching leaf color and leaf shapes, such as turning leaves, flower leaves, etc.), observation of fruit (mainly viewing fruit, such as kumquats, etc.), stems (based on viewing branches, such as bachelor, such as bachelor, such as bachelors, such as bachelors Tree, mountain shadow boxing, etc.) and germinations (mainly viewing buds, such as silver willow). According to the use division, flowers can be divided into flowers (such as fragrant stone bamboo, horseshoe lotus, etc.), indoor flowers (such as Clivia, Turtle Bamboo, etc.), courtyard flowers (such as rose, chrysanthemums, etc.) Gold and silver flowers), spices and flowers (such as Bailan, Jasmine, Rose, etc.) and edible flowers (lilies, golden needles, pomegranates). In addition, the climate conditions of the origin of flowers are based on the natural distribution, and the flowers are divided into tropical flowers, subtropical flowers, warm and warm flowers, temperate flowers, sub -cold band flowers, alpine flowers, etc. This classification method can reflect the habits of various flowers and the conditions that need to meet their growth and development during cultivation.
3. What is a ball root flower?
This flowers refer to perennial herb flowers with perverted underground stems or roots. According to the morphological structure of its underground stems or roots, it can be roughly divided into 5 categories: (1) bulbs. The underground stems are scales. The outer crust is called skin scales such as tulip, narcissus, Zhu Dinghong, etc.; There is no outer cortex on the outside of the scales, such as lily, such as lily. (2) Balls. The underground stems are spherical or flat -shaped, and the outer skin is made of leather skin, such as Tang Yupu, Xiang Xuelan, etc. (3) Roots. The underground stem is large -scale, with obvious festivals on it. The new buds are born on the top of the branches, such as beauty banana, ginger flowers, lotus, water lilies, jade 簪, etc. (4) Blocks. The underground stems are irregular or strip -shaped, such as horseshoe lotus, chamberlae, Dayan Tong, late incense jade. (5) Block root. The underground main roots are large and large, and the root system is born from the end of the root root, such as the great flower.
4. What is the relationship between temperature and flowering?
The temperature is an important condition for the survival of various flowers. No matter how suitable other environmental conditions, it is difficult for flowers to survive without suitable temperature conditions. The growth and development of each flower has its optimal temperature, maximum temperature and the bottom temperature. According to the temperature of the origin of the flower, the flowers can be divided into high temperature, medium temperature, and low temperature. (1) High temperature. Such as Milan, Yipinhong, Graphy Chrysanthemum, Da Yantong, Golden Bells, etc. In North China, the lowest room temperature should be kept above 12 ° C. (2) Middle temperature class. Such as Bailan, Jasmine, Fusang, Geranium, etc., the room temperature in winter must not be lower than 5 ° C (3) low temperature. Such as oleand, osmanthus, kumquat, generation, Su Tie, etc., the room temperature in winter is not less than 0 degrees. If the temperature is too high or too low, the normal physiological activities of the flowers will be destroyed, the growth will stop, and the entire plant will die in severe cases.
5. What is the impact of light on flower growth and development?
The light is the energy of flower plant manufacturing nutrients. Without the existence of light, the photosynthetic effect cannot be performed, and the growth and development of flowers will be seriously affected. Most plants can only be leafy under sufficient light conditions. Different types of flowers have different requirements for light. Flower proverb: "Yin Camellia, Yang Peony, Banyin and Big and Bigrian Four Seasons". According to the requirements of different flowers on the intensity of light, flowers can be generally divided into positive flowers, neutral flowers and negative flowers. (1) Positive flowers. Most of the flowers and fruits and flowers are positive flowers, such as magnolia, rose, pomegranate, plum blossoms, Ziwei, citrus, etc. There are also a few positive flowers in leaf -viewing flowers, such as Su Tie, Palm, and Leaf Wood. Most aquatic flowers, cactus and succulent plants are also positive flowers. All positive flowers like strong light, not tolerated shade. If the sun is insufficient, it is easy to cause the branches and leaves, the tissue is soft and weak, the leaf color becomes yellow, it is not easy to bloom or bloom well, it is easy to be pests and insect pests, (2) negative flowers. It is good to grow well under the environmental conditions of shadow, such as bamboo, camellia, azalea, jade, green, elastic, Ivy vine, large rock tung, turtle -back bamboo, begonia, etc. Growth stagnation, severe or even death. (3) Neutral flowers. It grows well under the condition of sufficient sunlight, but there is no principle of shadow when the intensity of light in the summer is strong, such as osmanthus, jasmine, Bailan, and Eight Immortals. In summary, various flowers have different light and requirements, and even the same flower, the requirements for light at different stages of growth and development are different. Flower buds are formed under the condition of short -day photos.
6. What effect does light affect the differentiation of flower buds?
The purpose of cultivating flowers is to let it bloom more flowers, and light is the most effective external cause to promote the formation of flower buds. On the same flower, fully accepting light branches, more flower buds; With lack of light branches, there are few flower buds. When there is a sunny day in the summer, the flowers are sufficient, and there will be more flowers in the coming year. Generally speaking, flower plants can perform photosynthesis at 10-35 ° C, and the most suitable temperature is 20-28 ° C. According to the requirements of the length of light, the flowers can be divided into three categories: (1) Long -day flowers. Generally, the daily sunshine time requires more than 12 hours to form flower buds, called long sunshine flowers. Many flowers that bloom in spring and summer are mostly flowers, such as iris, green chrysanthemums, and phoenix flowers. (2) Short -day flowers. Every day, the flowers must be used under the conditions of less than 12 hours to form flower buds, which are called short -day flowers. Yipinhong and chrysanthemums are typical short-day flowers. They can only grow under the long sunlight in the summer and cannot be differentiated by flower buds. After autumn, the flower bud differentiation will begin after the light is reduced to 10-11 hours. (3) China Rizhao Flower. Its flower buds form a flower that does not require strict requirements on the day of the day, called Zhong Rizhao Flower. Such as horseshoe lotus, fragrant bamboo, hundred -day grass, rose, f helping, etc., they have no obvious response to the length of light time. As long as the temperature is appropriate, they can bloom all year round.
7. What is the impact of water on flower growth and development?
The water is a necessary condition for flowers to grow and reproduce. It has a great impact on the growth and development of flowers. Because the water absorption exceeds the consumption and excessive water in the flower body, the plant's specialty is weak, the cold resistance decreases, and the resistance to reverse resistance is weakened. If long -term water is too much, it will cause rotten roots, leaves, or even death. The absorption of water is less than consumption. Due to the lack of water, the flowers are phenomenon, and the severe water deficiency will cause the flowers to die. There are many varieties of flowers, and the amount of water requires differences, that is, the same flower. In different periods of growth, the amount of water requires the same water. According to the different demand for water, the flowers can be divided into three categories: dry, aquatic, and medium -sized categories: (1) dry flowers. Such as plum blossoms, Lagerstroemia, Xifu Begonia, Holly Holly, Nantian Bamboo and other succulent flowers are more drought -resistant. (2) Aquatic flowers. Such as lotus, water lilies, 、 如, water bamboo, etc. (3) Middle flowers. Flowers that can grow well in wet soil. Most flowers belong to this type, such as Magnolia, Bailan, Lagmei, Peach Blossom, Mountain Tea, Bauhinia, etc.
8. What is the effect of air humidity on flowers?
The water required for flowers is mostly derived from soil, but air humidity also has a great impact on the growth and development of flowers. If the air temperature is too large, it is easy to make the branches and leaves grow long, the petals are mildew and flowers, and the spread of diseases and insects. During the flowering period, the humidity is too large, which hinders flowering and affects strong. The air humidity is small, which will shorten the flowering period and fade the color. It will grow in the north, if the air is dry for a long time, it will grow poorly, affecting flowering and results. The winter climate in the north is dry. If the indoor flowers are kept at a certain amount of humidity, some humid flowers often appear phenomenon such as light yellow yellow yellow yellow and dry edges of the leaves. According to the different requirements of different flowers on air temperature, the air humidity can be increased by spraying branches and leaves or plastic film on the plastic film, creating a humidity condition suitable for their growth. Lanta, begonia, and turtle -back and other wet flowers require the relative humidity of the air shall not less than 80%; jasmine, white orchids, and hibiscus and other medium wet flowers require the humidity of the air to be not less than 60%.
9. Why do too much watering flowers die?
This flowers are watering too much, the water is filled with soil gaps, and the air in the soil is replaced by water. The function is reduced, the root system absorbs and the fat absorption ability is blocked. At the same time, due to the lack of oxygen of the soil, the gas -prone bacteria with the function of decomposing organic matter in the soil have a large number of reproduction and activities of the ingotic bacteria, which increases soil acidity. Due to big activities such as buty -buty acid bacteria, a series of toxic substances such as hydrogen sulfide and ammonia are produced, which directly poisoned the root system. At the same time, due to the large amount of hypoxic plants consumed the soluble sugar in the body, it accumulated too much alcohol and other objects. The light guide effect was greatly reduced, and finally the flowers died of hunger. In the practice of flowering flowers, it is often seen that due to excessive watering, the root of the flowers turned black and rotten to "drowning" the flowers. Therefore, pay attention to the right amount when cultivating flowers.
10. What is the harm of the potted flowers?
The potted flowers due to the small soil and the water storage are not much. In the flower growth season, you need to pay attention to frequently replenish water to ensure the normal growth of the flowers. If the water supply is insufficient, the leaves and petioles will shrink down, and the flowers will wither. If the long -term water supply of flowers is insufficient, the older and lower parts of the plant will gradually get yellow and dry. Most grass flowers are in a dry state for a long time, the plants are short, the leaves lose fresh green luster, and even the entire plant is dead. Some flower farmers are afraid of excessive watering, and they pour "half waist water" every time when watering, that is, the amount of water that can be wet can only wet the surface soil, and the lower soil is dry. This watering method also affects flowers. The development of the root system will also occur. Therefore, watering should be dried and wet, and pouring through.
11. How to judge whether potted flowers are short of water?
This Watering is a regular management work for breeding flowers. Whether the potting of the pot soil is difficult to master, so many flower friends often feel distressed. Introduce the experience of breeding of flower farmers to determine whether it is dehydrated. (1) Tap method. Gently tap the finger joints to gently tap the pelvic wall on the upper part of the flower pot. Essence (2) Visual inspection method. Use your eyes to observe whether the color of the pot soil changes. If the color becomes lighter or gray -white, it means that the pot soil is dry and the water needs to be watered; if the color becomes darker or brown water. (3) Pointing measurement method. Gently inserted the pot soil about 2 cm and touched the soil. When it feels dry or rough and hard, it means that the pot soil is dry and it needs to be watered immediately. Do not water. (4) pinching method. Twist the pot soil with your fingers, such as soil powder, indicates that the pot soil is dry and water should be watered immediately. The above test methods are all experiences. It can only tell people the approximate situation of the wet and dry pot soil. If you need to know the extent of the dry and wetness of the pot soil, you can buy a soil thermometer and insert the thermometer into the seal to see the scale. The words "dry or humidity and other words appear, you can know when to water exactly.
12. Why not watering flowers with cold water at noon in summer? High, the temperature of the flowers and leaves can often be as high as about 40 ° C, and the steaming effect is strong. At the same time, the water evaporates is fast. The root system needs to continuously absorb water to supplement the loss of the leaves of the leaf surface. However, due to the sudden decrease in the soil temperature and the stimulation of the root hair from low temperature, the normal absorption of the moisture will be immediately hindered. At this time, because there is no preparation in the flower body, the leaf surface is not closed, and the water loses the balance of the supply and demand, resulting in the tension of the leaf surface by the tension of the leaf surface. The state becomes a ravioli, causing the plant to produce "physiological drought", and the leaves are scorched, which will cause the whole plant to die. This phenomenon is particularly obvious in herbal flowers, such as geranium, Luo Luo, Cuichu and other hot weather at noon. For this reason, it is advisable to pour flowers in the morning and evening.
13. What kind of water is good for pouring flowers?
Soft water. Hard water contains more salt. Use it to pour the flowers, which often causes brown spots on the surface of the flowers and leaves to affect the ornamental effect. Because rainwater is a kind of neutral water, without minerals, and there are more air, which is very suitable for watering flowers. If it can be stored in rainwater on rainy days, it is beneficial to promote flower assimilation and extend the effect of flowers, extend the extension Cultivation periods, increase the value of ornamental, especially flowers with sexy soil, prefers rainwater. Therefore, the rainy season should be stored more rainwater to reserve it. In northeast China, snow can be poured with snow. It can be used after melting ice and snow to the water temperature near room temperature. If there is no rain or snow water, you can use river or pond water. The chlorine gas swing away and then used, it is more secure. Watering flowers cannot use laundry water containing soap or washing powder, nor can it be washed dishwashing water containing oil pollution. For minimy -alkaline cactus flowers, etc., it is not advisable to use slightly acidic leftover tea Wait. In addition, you should pay attention to the temperature of the water when pouring flowers. Whether it is summer or winter flowers, the water temperature and temperature are too large (more than 5 degrees) to harm the root of the flower. After drying in the inner (cylinder), use it when the water temperature is close to the temperature.
14. How should the watering of pot flowers be grasped? The appropriate amount is the key to the success or failure of flowers. Based on the experience of various localities, the amount of watering of pot flowers is based on the variety of flowers, plant size, growth and development, climate, soil conditions, flower pot size, placement location and other aspects to determine the watering of watering Time, number of times and watering. Under normal circumstances, wet flowers should be watered more, and drought flowers should be watered less; Watering should not be too much; herbal flowers have a large water content, large steaming degree, and more watering amount than woody flowers; leaves are large and soft, smooth and hairless flowers are poured, leaves are small and have wax layers. Framem and leather flowers are less poured; when the growth period is strong, the dormant period is more poured; the seedlings are large and small, and the seedlings are small. , Less cloudy and so on. For general flowers, the water supply of the four seasons is: the temperature gradually increases after the spring of the spring, the flowers enter the growth period, and the amount of watering is gradually increased. Watering in early spring should be carried out before noon. In summer, the temperature is high, the flowers grow strong, the steaming effect is strong, and the amount of watering should be sufficient. Summer watering should be carried out in the morning and evening. After the beginning of autumn, the temperature is lower, the flowers grow slowly, and the appropriate watering is appropriate. The temperature in winter is low. Many flowers enter the dormant or semi -dormant period. Watering should be controlled. Do not water the pot soil. Winter watering should be carried out at 1-2 in the afternoon.
15. What is the effect of spraying water?
The water spray can increase the air humidity, reduce the temperature, wash the dust on the plants and wash away the pests, etc., to avoid the tender leaves and the flowers withering early, and keep the plants fresh; especially some humid humidity and humidity Flowers such as mountain tea, rhododendrons, orchids, turtles, etc. often spray water on the leaves, which is very beneficial to its growth and development. After the rain in the summer, it is clear or hot at night. Pay attention to spraying water to cool down and prevent disease. The amount of water spray should be determined according to the needs of flowers. Generally, water can be evaporated shortly after water spraying. Such water spraying is the most suitable. Seedlings and delicate flowers need to spray more water, and the new pots of new pots need to spray more water. Tropical orchid flowers, Tianshan Department and pineapple family flowers need to be sprayed frequently. However, some flowers are very sensitive to water wetness, such as large rock tungs, Pu Baohua, begonia, etc. The leaves have thicker fluff. After the water falls, it is not easy to evaporate and rot the leaves. For blooming flowers, it is not advisable to spray more water, otherwise it is easy to cause mildew of petals or affect fertilization, reduce strong and result rate. In addition, the leafy buds at the top of the stems, the flower buds in the African chrysanthemum bush, and the pseudocytic bulb in the center of the clivia leaf clumps are afraid of water and humidity. These parts are easily injured after spraying water.
16. How to save after the flower wither?
The potted flowers, because the water storage in the pot is small, forgot to water, especially in the summer leakage watering, often causes the leaves to wither. If it is not saved in time, the plant often causes the plant to wither. If you save the law, it will sometimes cause plant death. The correct way is: When the leaves are found, the flower pot should be moved to the shade of the shade immediately, spray some water at the leaf surface, and pour a small amount of water. Later, as the stems and leaves gradually resumed tall, the amount of watering gradually increased. At this time, if you pour too much water at all, it may lead to plant death. This is because a large number of root hair is damaged after the flowers are withered, so the water absorption ability is greatly reduced. Only after the new root hair is born can we restore the original water absorption ability. At the same time, the wilting of the cells causes the cells to lose water. After the water is encountered, the cell wall absorbs water and expands quickly. After the primary quality, water absorbs water, and the expansion speed is slow. If a large amount of water is poured suddenly at this time, it will cause the wall to separate the wall and damage the primary quality. Causes flowers to die.
17. What is the role of soil in flower growth and development?
The soil is an important substrate for cultivating flowers, the material basis for the survival of flowers, and the main source of water, fertilizer, qi, and heat required for the growth and development of flowers. This is because the soil is composed of minerals, organic matter, soil moisture and soil air. Minerals are the most basic substances that make up soil, and it can provide a variety of nutrients needed for flowers. Organic matter can not only supply the nutrients of flower fertility, but also have an important role in improving the physical and chemical properties of the soil and the structure of soil group grains, as well as water retention, water supply, ventilation, and steady temperature. Soil moisture is an indispensable material condition for flower fertility. Soil air is the source of oxygen absorption effects and microbial life activities, and it is also an important condition for the further weathering of soil minerals and the transformation of organic matter to release nutrients. Scientific experiments have proved that soils suitable for plant growth are based on volume, minerals account for about 38 %, organic matter accounts for about 12 %, and soil air and soil moisture each account for about 15 % -35 %. According to information, the most suitable water content of flowers and plants is 25 % of the soil volume, and the air accounts for 25 %. Some people do not understand the above reasons and cultivate potted flowers for a long time, resulting in the deterioration of the soil physical and chemical traits, poor ventilation and water permeability, and lack of nutritional elements. As a result, the flowers grow poorly. Therefore, if you want to raise pot flowers, you must pay attention to changing pots in a timely manner.
18. What soil is good for pot flowers?
Potted flowers, because its root system can only move within a small soil, so the requirements for soil are more stringent than open field flowers. On the one hand, the nutrients are required to be as comprehensive as possible, and the nutrients needed for flower fertility in the limited pot soil; on the other hand, it requires good physical and chemical traits, that is, the structure should be loose, the water holding ability must be strong, the acid and alkali should be appropriate, the fertilizer must be better, Essence Because of this, when breeding flowers, you should try to choose a good group structure, loose and fertile, good water reservation and drainage performance, and at the same time, it is rich in neutral or slightly acidic soil with rich humus. This kind of soil weight, large pores, air circulation, and rich nutrition are conducive to the development of flower root system and strong growth of the plant. If the flowers are planted in a viscous soil with poor ventilation, or in pure sand soil with lack of nutrition, water preservation and fertilizer, or in alkaline soil Growth and even death. But the soil conditions mentioned above are not available for any natural soil. Therefore, the soil for potted flowers needs to be used for artificially prepared the cultivation soil. This cultivation soil is based on different growth habits of flower plants, and more than two soils or other matrix materials are mixed according to one ratio to meet the needs of different flower fertility.
19. How to prepare the cultivation soil?
The materials suitable for preparing the cultivation soil, the following commonly used are the following. (1) Sandal sand soil. Most of them are taken from the river beach. The drainage performance is good, but it has no fertility. It is mostly used to mix other culture materials to facilitate drainage. (2) Garden soil. Take the soil on the surface of the vegetable garden, orchard. It contains a certain humus and has good physical properties, which is often used as the basic material of the majority of cultivation soil. (3) Rotten leaf soil. It is composed of fallen leaves, deodorization, etc. High humus content, strong water retention, and good transparency are one of the main materials for preparing the cultivation soil. (4) Mountain mud. Divided into two types of black mountain mud and Huangshan mud. It is formed by the deciduous leaves in the mountains for a long time. Black Mountain mud is acidic, contains more humus; Huangshan Mud is also acidic, with less humus. (5) Peat soil. It is made from peat moss. Due to the different stage of formation, it is divided into two types: brown and black peat. Bellyizes are rich in organic matter and are acidic reactions. Black peat contains more minerals, with less organic matter, and is slightly acidic or neutral. (6) Radium ash. It is a gray that is burned by the rice shell. It is slightly alkaline and contains potassium. (7) Fat soil. It is made from the accumulation of garden soil, sewage and other items from animal manure, fallen leaves, etc., which has rich fertility. In addition, there are ponds, river mud, coniferous soil, gorbi soil, rotten wood chips, vermiculite, perlite, etc., which are all good materials for the cultivation of culture soil. The preparation of cultivation soil should be flexibly grasped according to the nature of flower growth and the nature of cultivation soil materials and local conditions. General potted flowers, commonly used cultivation soil configuration ratio is corrupt leaf soil (or peat soil): Garden soil: river sand: bone powder = 35: 30: 5: or rotten leaf soil (or peat soil), plain sand soil, rotten rotten Organic fertilizer, calcium transmodent, etc. Press 5: 3.5: 1: 1: 0.5 Mixed sieve. The above cultivation soil is mostly neutral or sore, suitable for most flowers. It can be used to cultivate like acidic flowers such as tea and cuckoo, which can be mixed with about 0.2 % of sulfur powder; cultivated flowers such as cactus balls, and can add about 10 % of the wall skin soil peeling off the limestone wall.
20. How to make rotten soil?
The leaf soil is a commonly used material for cultivating pot flowers. Where conditions permit. You can directly dig the rotten leaf soil under the forest of the mountains. It can also be made of rotten soil. The method is: collecting leaves, weeds and other objects of broad -leaved or coniferous trees in autumn, piled in rectangular pits. Put a layer of leaves first and then a layer of garden soil. After the several layers are stacked, then a small amount of sewage is poured, and finally covers a layer of about 10 cm thick garden soil and other objects. In the next spring and midsummer, they opened once each, flipped and pounded, and piled up according to the original. The climate is warm, and most of these accumulation can be rotten in the deep autumn seasons. You can dig it out at this time and use it further after being sieved. Pay attention to two points when stacking: First, do not press too tightly to facilitate the air through the air, creating conditions for the activity of the vitality bacteria, so as to accelerate the decomposition of the accumulation. The second is not to make the accumulation too wet. If it is too wet, the ventilation is not good. Under the condition of hypoxia, the large amount of gas bacteria reproduce and movement, causing severe nutrients to dispersal and affect the quality of corruption soil.
I. Folding branch method:
For some brittle flowers and trees, the flower branches used to insert bottle must be selected, and it must be broken by hand. In this way, the stems are not under pressure, the catheter remains normal, and it is easy to absorb water.
. The end of the end is crushed:
The end (about one inch of about one inch) to break, which is the expansion of the water absorption area. Generally, wooden flower branches such as roses, magnolia, hydrangea, cloves, peony, wisteria, etc. can be used more.
. Flower preservation agent:
Plip an appropriate amount of chemical agents to the flower arrangement solution. Use to inhibit the flower branches and extend the time -keeping time.
If you cannot buy fresh -keeping agent for a while, you can use a water solution of 4,000 potassium permanganate to resist corrosion, or use one -thiostal water solution of aspirin to form a simple preservation agent, which can also make flowers. A simple preservation agent can also make flowers.
four, hot scalding method:
Moning the base of the flower branch into boiling water, picked it up for ten seconds (fragile and delicate flowers, can only be immersed for one or two seconds), so that the infarction is cut to prevent the flower branch tissue from the tissue of the flower branch tissue The liquid overflow has a good effect on herbal flowers.
5. Salt water or sugar water maintenance method:
This add salt or eat a little sugar in the flowering water, and you can also crush at the incision when the flower branch was cut off. The hot hot method is particularly good. Sugar can make flowers bright and lasting.
, the flower branches that Han Lei did not put should not be soaked with salt water, otherwise the flowers will be difficult to open.
. The liquid immersion method:
before the cut flower branches are cut into the vase, the end of it is immersed in the used shadow solution for half an hour. The treated flower branches can extend the flowering period.
7. Tea method:
The rootless flowers inserted in the vase are easy to wither. Generally, the flowering flowering flowers gradually withered in only three or four days. If you use tea (you can also use new tea, but you must be completely cooled by the tea) instead of clear water,
This can delay the time of flower arrangement and fading, and the tea is thicker. Use tea to arrange flowers. The flowers will not wither within 7 days, and the flowers are bright and eye -catching. ,
8. First aid method:
When the flowers are hanging their heads, they can be cut off a small section of the end of the flower branch, and then placed it in a container full of cold water, leaving only the flower head to expose the water surface, passed 1-2 through 1-2 In hours, the flower branches will wake up, and the grass and woody flowers are applicable.
9. Beer method:
Add a little beer in a bottle inserted in flowers, or insert the flowers with a beer bottle with foam, and add an appropriate amount of water. The period is extended.
This is because beer contains ethanol, can disinfect and anticherably cut the flower branch incision, and contain sugar and other nutrients, which can provide nutrients for branches and leaves.
Ten, preservation agent:
The aspirin solution of 3,000ths of aspirin or one -two -thousandth potassium permanganate aquatic solution to raise flowers, which is better to extend the flowering period.
Eleven, soak in water cutting method:
The flower branches longer when collecting, and after the room is collected, the base of the flower branch is quickly immersed in the basin, and a part of the water is properly cut off (pay attention to oblique scissors) ), And then dare to insert the bottle immediately. The cut flowers purchased from the market should be treated with the same method before inserting the bottle. This method can effectively eliminate the blocking bubble obstruction inside the flower stem, improve the absorption capacity after the bottle insertion of the flower branches, and extend the fresh -keeping period. In addition, it is best to arrange flowers water, clear rivers, etc., and tap water is best to use for one day. The flower arrangement should be placed as possible at the window sill, which can extend the life of the flowers.
Copic flower maintenance method:
. Rose maintenance:
1. Prevent the folding head of the head of the flower head. Immersed in water to absorb water;
2. Folding the phenomenon, cut off the base in warm water, insert pH3.5 ~ 4.5 fresh -keeping solution to restore;
. 3. When finishing Remove the petals and remove the thorns and leaves in the water. To prevent the wound of bacterial infection, bleach water or preservative should be used, and the bottle life should be longer; Apple), incense, etc., so as not to fade early.
. The maintenance of lily flowers:
1. Spring the flower branches to ventilate, cut the water from 3 to 5 cm at the base, and remove the leaves below the horizontal plane;
2 2 2 2 . When the flowers are open, the flower and leaf medicine will be removed to avoid accidental cleaning the clothes;
3. Add bleaching water or preservation agent to extend the flowering period;
. Sugar, lighting;
5. Sensitive to Dimin B, you need to avoid cooked fruits and fruits, cigarettes, etc.
. Carnations maintenance:
1. Remove the leaves that want to insert into the depth of water, insert into the water after inclined base (2-3cm), keep the flowers in good ventilation;
2. Flowers cannot spray Water, so as not to ulcer ulcers from the inside to the outside;
3. sensitive to "ethylene" must be far away from the pretty fruits, vegetables, cigarettes, etc., and the preservation of antidine in the water is better; After hearing the stems of the flower, insert a warm water at 20 to 24 ° C.
Flower shops are not enough to raise flowers, because no matter how good the maintenance is, it is better to sell flowers as soon as possible. This requires some understanding in all aspects, such as the location of the store, furnishings, floral level, service level, sales skills, sales channels, etc. as a center.
Is for the technology of flowering flowers, I am afraid that you must start with the purchase channel of flowers. First of all, you must ensure that the flowers you enter are fresh. This is the most fundamental, and then the maintenance. Different flowers have different maintenance methods. In terms of the amount of water, carnations only need a few centimeters of water. It is easy to rot the roots, and most of the other flowers need a large amount of water to maintain. Generally, cut flowers need to cut roots to change water, but African chrysanthemum cannot cut off the hard roots below, and so on. Essence Essence In terms of the temperature stored in flowers, the most suitable temperature is 5 degrees. (Except for tropical flowers such as fire cranes) humidity is more than 80%. The closer to this temperature and humidity, the longer the flowers can be maintained. There are a lot of knowledge in this kind, not a sentence, two words clearly. In addition, the use of commercial preservatives is also a good choice. In short, the first thing you need to think of in the flowering store is not maintenance but sales. This is the top priority.
Flower shops are not enough to raise flowers, because no matter how good the maintenance is, it is better to sell flowers as soon as possible. This requires some understanding in all aspects, such as the location of the store, furnishings, floral level, service level, sales skills, sales channels, etc. as a center.
Is for the technology of flowering flowers, I am afraid that you must start with the purchase channel of flowers. First of all, you must ensure that the flowers you enter are fresh. This is the most fundamental, and then the maintenance. Different flowers have different maintenance methods. In terms of the amount of water, carnations only need a few centimeters of water. It is easy to rot the roots, and most of the other flowers need a large amount of water to maintain. Generally, cut flowers need to cut roots to change water, but African chrysanthemum cannot cut off the hard roots below, and so on. Essence Essence In terms of the temperature stored in flowers, the most suitable temperature is 5 degrees. (Except for tropical flowers such as fire cranes) humidity is more than 80%. The closer to this temperature and humidity, the longer the flowers can be maintained. There are a lot of knowledge in this kind, not a sentence, two words clearly. In addition, the use of commercial preservatives is also a good choice. In short, the first thing you need to think of in the flowering store is not maintenance but sales. This is the top priority. The important thing is
In what kind of shop do you want to open
Actually it is not easy to do what business is
slowly come back everything back